What group was established to promote African American civil rights in 1909?

The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) was established in 1909 to promote and protect the civil rights of African Americans. Its formation came in response to the ongoing issues of racial discrimination and segregation faced by African Americans, particularly following the increasing violence and injustice during the early 20th century. The NAACP sought to achieve equality through legal challenges, advocacy, and public education. It played a pivotal role in the civil rights movement, focusing on issues such as voting rights, educational equality, and the dismantling of Jim Crow laws. The organization has been instrumental in numerous landmark legal cases aimed at ending racial segregation and discrimination, making it a cornerstone of the fight for African American civil rights.